Dear 'aha3996', >> In my reading over the years, many authors insist that one must have a personal teacher/"guru" in order to progress along the path. Others advocate that one needs to be linked to an order, via initiation, that has a lineage back to the original source of the mysteries. Rene Guenon advocates this position and then proceeds to tell the reader that at the present he knows of no genuine initiatory groups other than the shadow of them found in various existing groups of freemasonry. Franz Bardon seems to take the opposite view of not being bound by any oath or to any group or person with the alternative of following the path on your own. Any input out there on these divergent opinions? << There are several factors here, foremost of which is that these authors were likely taught by others to think that way. Other factors are that they were/are likely involved in a group, involved with a specific teacher/guru or are themselves looking for students and thus have a vested self-interest in others thinking as they do that a teacher/guru/group is *required*. Also, there are traditions and lineages of practice and dogma that do indeed *require* a personal teacher to learn since they are passed along only in that way or are so complex that they are impossible to learn on one's own. Bardon's statements about obligating oneself by oath to a teacher or group came from his own personal experience of groups and teachers. His point however had little to do with dogmatic tradition but rather, pertained specifically to the essential *process* of Hermetic initiation itself, stripped of all self-interest and dogma. The system he presented negates the prior need for such obligations because it encapsulates the essential work of initiation that, teacher/group or not, the student themselves must perform for themselves and on their own. The work he described does not *require* a teacher or group because it is something no teacher or group can do for you -- it's the work *you* have to do yourself whether or not a teacher/group is in any way involved. And there it is, all written down and it costs nothing more than the price of the book. And, no oaths or allegiances are required! :) The only thing required is your own effort . . . My best to you, :) Rawn Clark 06 Apr 2005 rawnclark@... rawn@... http://www.ABardonCompanion.com http://groups.yahoo.com/group/BardonPraxis http://E.webring.com/hub?ring=arionthebardonwe