Dear Chenxsi, >> Does one-pointedness simply means to choose a topic, allow all related thoughts to enter your mind, and excluding all unrelated thoughts? << Essentially, yes. However, using an image or a mantra is not optimal. Bardon instructs that you focus upon a "thought, idea or train of thoughts". I suggest that you visit the following pages: #1) http://www.ABardonCompanion.com/IIH-Step1.html This is my commentary on Step One of IIH in which I discuss one-pointedness #2) http://www.ABardonCompanion.com/Essays&CorrespLinks.html Here are several excerpts from my personal and public correspondence, some of which discuss the one-pointedness exercise. My best to you, :) Rawn Clark 08 Feb 2003 rawnclark@... rawn@... http://www.ABardonCompanion.com http://groups.yahoo.com/group/BardonPraxis